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Timpanogos Cave National Monument records [photocopies]

 Collection
Identifier: ACCN 0978

Scope and Contents

The Timpanogos Cave National Monument records (1930-1978) consist of photocopies of materials that describe the history of the Monument. Among the materials photocopied are pamphlets, newsclippings, postcards, affidavits, press releases, interviews, histories, and signs. The original materials are contained in six binders at Timpanogos Cave National Monument.

Dates

  • 1930-1978

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

Twenty-four hour advanced notice encouraged. Materials must be used on-site. Access to parts of this collection may be restricted under provisions of state or federal law.

Conditions Governing Use

The library does not claim to control copyright for all materials in the collection. An individual depicted in a reproduction has privacy rights as outlined in Title 45 CFR, part 46 (Protection of Human Subjects). For further information, please review the J. Willard Marriott Library’s Use Agreement and Reproduction Request forms.

Historical Note

Timpanogos Cave National Monument was established by proclaimation of United States President Warren G. Harding in 1922. The three caves are located on the north flank of Mount Timpanogos, 35 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. The first of the three caves to be discovered was found by Martin Hansen in 1887. He and several men began taking people on tours of the cave. However, he soon stopped the tours as people began to strip some of the formations from the cave. This continued after Hansen stopped taking people on tours of the cave. Material from Hansen's Cave is rumored to be in places from the Museum of Natural History in New York City to the Salt Lake Temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. This first cave now operates as the entrance to the other two caves. The second cave, Timpanogos Cave, was discovered in about 1915. Although many people visited this cave, it was not well publicized and was forgotten about for several years. In 1921, the knowledge of the cave resurfaced and a tangled web of claims on the site (including three mining claims) made the cave a hot topic until the United States Forest Service moved to protect the site by designating it as a "Public Service Site." Yet in the 1920s, Federal agencies were extremly small before the New Deal and the Forest Service relied on local participation and fund-raising to help secure the cave. During the same time that the Forest Service had taken over Timpanogos Cave, a third cave was discovered by George Heber Hansen and his nephew Wayne E. Hansen (son and grandson of Martin Hansen). This cave is now known as Middle Cave. The Forest Service began construction of a trail to the caves in the fall and early winter of 1921. Lack of snowfall that year helped and the trail was finished the following January. Regular tours of the caves began in the Spring of 1922. Later that year, the three mining claims that overlapped the caves sought to begin operations. A court battle began and in the meantime, a request was made to President Harding to designate the caves a national monument. This was accomplished only a month later when President Harding created the Timpanogos Cave National Monument. The mining claims were invalidated by court a month later. Campgrounds and visitor facilites were constructed at the base of the trail in 1923. That year 15,570 people made their way through the caves. The next year saw the dedication of the Monument, the installation of a new electric system, and the first placement of interpretive signs on the trail. 1933 was another year of change for the monument. Originally the three caves all had separate entrances and these caused traffic jams as people entering and exiting the cave had to use the same narrow pathway. This changed when the Civilian Concervation Corps (CCC) began making plans to connect the three caves by breaking through two thin walls between the caves. The rise of the New Deal and its expansion of Federal programs also allowed the National Park Service to take over management of the Monument from the Forest Service. As management of the Monument transitioned from local to Federal control, many new improvements to the trail and other facilities were made. When the caves were connected, wind began to blow through the three and wooden doors were placed to seal the caves and retain humidity. Over the next several decades improvements have been made to various facilities but the caves have remained much the same. The Monument remains a popular site despite the 1 and 1/2 mile-long trail that rises 1,160 feet. In 2002, the Monument received 114,736 visitors.

Extent

0.75 Linear Feet

Language of Materials

English

English

Abstract

The Timpanogos Cave National Monument records (1930-1978) consist of photocopies of materials that document the history of the Monument. Timpanogos Cave National Monument (established 1922) consists of three caves and a nature trail.

Immediate Source of Acquisition

Gift of the Timpanogos National Monument in 1987.

Existence and Location of Originals

Originals in possession of the National Park Service.

Processing Information

Processed by Luke Kelly in 2000.
Title
Inventory of the Timpanogos Cave National Monument records [photocopies]
Status
Completed
Author
Finding aid created by Luke Kelly.
Date
2000 (last modified: 2019)
Description rules
Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin
Language of description note
Finding aid encoded in English in Latin script.

Repository Details

Part of the J. Willard Marriott Library Special Collections Repository

Contact:
295 South 1500 East
Salt Lake City Utah 84112 United States
801-581-8863